BIF101, BIF401, BIO101,BIO401,BIO504, BIO505 (BIO303), BT101, BT102, BT201, BT302, BT401, BT403, BT406, BT601, BT605, BT511, BT512, BT503, BT504, BT514, BT605, BT611 - Midterm Current Papers Fall 2023 -)
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Paper Review #1 - BIF101
Mcqs was totally from handout
Short questions:
Main chemical components of DNA
Importance of bio informatics in biological
researches
Long questions :
Structure of DNA
Main sites on ribosomes. Explain..
R ak sequences wala tha 2 deay huy
thy un ki sequence identify karne the.
Paper Review #2 - BIF101
MCQS
1..(200) CGG repeats is seen in
individuals with fragile X.
2..The principles of heredity were
explained by (Gregor Mendel).
3.. cross dia tha ak TTPP x
ttpp. F1 generation btain thi. (TtPp)..
4...
correct state about mendel model (A clear dominant-recessive
relationship between alleles.)
5...Centromere is very near to end
(telocentric)
6.. types of chromosome bands in
human?. 4
7.. centromere
8... chromatids
9... in porkaryots single circular
DNA present in... ? a. pronucleus, b.nucleus, c nucleotide, d.
nucleoplam
10..Chromosomes identified by size, shape, Banding patterns (All)
11. ZW female heterogametic
12..Lampbrush chromosome found in..
vertebrates, invertebrates, plants (Alli)
13.. as a result of mitosis cells
produce are called.. (Daughter Cell) 14..X-O System in (grasshopper) Long:
DNA structure
Ribosomes binding sites
Identify sequence? Or 2 strand tha
on ki find b krni thi
Short
Main step of protein synthesis?
Nucleus is the site of DNA
duplication, discuss? Symmetry of quartnernary structure of protein?
Paper Review #3 - BIF101
All mcqs were from handouts
1-role of ribosome binding sites in
translation.3
2- CLUSTLAW properties 3
3- Nucleus is the site of DNA
replication 3
4- What is identity find identity of
given sequence 5
5- role of subunits in the
translation 5
6- Deoxyribonucleotide 's bonds in
DNA prior to double helical formation
Paper Review #4 - BIF101
Sary mcq files Mai sy thy ...
Or short questions..
1 importance of bioinformatics in
research biology
2 chromosomes..
Lq
1Genetic code and it's features
2 sequence find krny thy
Paper Review #5 - BIF101
Long q
Diference b/w muticellular and
unicellular
Genetic cide its features and
example
Do codes deye k in to specify kro
calculate kro ...
Short Q
Cell is building block of life
justify
Quaterary structures symmetries
MCQs was from handouts and pre and
post assessment
Paper Review #6 - BIF101
Long.binding site for RNA
Calculation CGPTT
structre and function of nucleus
Short.components of chromosomes,
factor of bio-informatics
Paper Review #7 - BIF101
*Short questions*
1. Structure of DNA
2. CLUSTLAW
3. Role of rRNA in translation
process of proteins
*Long questions* ;
1. Discuss discovery and structure
of DNA.
2. Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic
released factor.
3. Define sequence Identity and Find
sequence Identity of CATGCLA and CATGG
McQ kisi file sy ni thy sary handouts sy thy, na aaty thy aur na
hi yad hain
Paper Review #8 - BIF101
1 unicellular organisms and milti
cellular ? 2 genetic code feature or
type 3 cluster 4 prokaryotic and
Eukaryotic release Factor 5 in amino acid has central carbon atom ? Write down
the corbolix formula or ek yad nhi wo bi
ic file sa hi tha. Mcq kuch milta thi ic
sa warna handouts sa hi thi sari
Paper Review #9 - BIF101
MCQS
IF1 prevents_____ from binding to the portion of the small that
will become part of the A site?
The completion of translocation requires
the action of a second elongation factor
called_____?
What is the name of amino acid bond_____?
High molecular substances,which are present in living organism are
also named as_______?
How many nucleotide bases occur in a nucleic acid _____?
The biological data which includes text, images, numbers and
symbols has been stored in_____?
Hemophilus influenza is first_______genome sequenced?
Which of the following enzymes attach amino acids to tRNA____?
Questions
Short Questions
1.Difference between translation
release factors of prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
2.Types of symmetry in quartinary
structure of protein.
3.Define genetics and molecular
biology.
Long Questions
1.What are the three binding sites
of ribosomes.
2.How DNA is a helical structure.
Paper Review #1 - BIF401
MCQs:
Mcqs from handouts
shorts
protocol of bottom down proteomics
calculate the percentage of cytosine
if adenine is 30 % in DNA
pam and blosum matrix difference
long
how bulges are formed
rooted and unrooted Phylogenetics
difference
sequence alignment and types
Paper Review #2 - BIF401
Short questions:
1. Three ways to modify DNA.
2.Diff b/w essential and
non-essential amino acids.
Long questions:
1. Diff b/w sequence identity and
sequence similarity?
2. Nussinove jacobson algorithm.
3. BLOSUM scoring matrix
Paper Review #3 - BIF401
Mcqs koch grand quiz file se ty
baaqi handout se
Questions :
1. Define DNA, DNA replication and
transcription.
2. Why we choose Multiple ORF in
coding of protein.
3. Due to OH RNA is less stable.
Explain.
4. Aik me scoring matrix formula
drive karna ta
5. Applications of Bioinformatics
6. Fields of Bioinformatics by
blastx technique (es tara koch ta)
Paper Review #1 - BIO101
MCQs:
- From handouts.
Short Questions:
- Differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
- Differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic genomes.
- Differences between natural and artificial immunization.
Long Questions:
- Write notes on Ribosomes, Mitochondria, Plastids.
- Properties of lipids.
- Properties of the bacterial genome.
Paper Review #2 - BIO101
STRUCTURE of chromosome
Prokaryotic and eukaryotic
Bacterial genome
Uses of genetic
Uses of genome
Paper Review #1 - BIO401
Long Questions:
- Definitions and explanations of mean, median, and mode.
- Numerical problem.
- Statistical tools for descriptive and inferential statistics.
Short Questions:
- Numerical problem.
- Data analysis, mostly numerical.
Paper Review #2 - BIO401
LONG
1Fine mean median and mode
2Numerical
3And statistic tools for discriptive and inferencual statistics
Short
1) numerical
2) data give and analysis almost numerical type
Over all
Paper is conceptual base
Paper Review #3 - BIO401
MCQS
1-Ordinal data scale is used for ___
measurement
*Variable intervals*
2- type of sampling refers to
identifying someone who meets the...…. *Snowball sampling*
3-criteria for inclusion in the
study.
*mean*
4-"An aggregate of entities for which we
have an
interest at a particular time"
is called *population*
5 -Commonly used measure of central tendency
is/are *All of the given*
6-One of the earliest known
*demographic*
7-Biostatistics study was conducted
by *________John Graunt*
8-If a population of values
consists of a fixed
number of these values,
the population is said to
be
*finite*
9...……... is commonly known as
unsystematic, accidental
or opportunistic sampling...
*convenience sampling*
10-It is a descriptive measure
computed from the data
of a …….. *sample*
11- find the mean
one to ten is the
observation, *5.5*
12-Stratified sampling purpose. to
insure representation of each
strata,
a)oversample smaller population
groups.
b) Administrative convenience --
field
offices.
c )Sampling problems may differ in
each strata.
*d )all*
*Subjective*
Q1-fill in blank
Q2-Different between qualitive and
quantitative variable
Q3-what is frequency distribution
and frequency histrogram
Paper Review #3 - BIO401
3,4mcqs files sy ay thy Aor Baqi mcqs mostly handout sy ay Jin m mean, median k thy aor short m Clustar sampling aor Systematic sampling tha Aik graph tha jiss m btana tha k kitnay students k 40%Sy kaam number hain Pher Binomial ka Aik long Question tha
Paper Review #4 - BIO401
Mostly mcqs sir zaman ki files ma sy
thy
Long question
💥1: probability find krni thi
💥2: What is data and what are difference source of data.
Short question.
💥1: variables ki 3 examples likhni thi without numerically.
💥 2:graph diya tha NY
💥3: evevts A r B find krna tha
Paper Review #1 - BIO504
Short
1. Note on oligosaccharides?
2. Primary structure of protein?
3.Composition of protein ?
Long
1. Classification of protein?
2. Renaturation and denaturation of protein?
Only few McQs from handouts remaining are conceptual
McQs
1.Carbohydrates are.......
2.Other form of levulose....
Paper Review #2 - BIO504
Subjective
1)Define osazones and how they are prepared?
2)Why glycine doesn't occur frequently in alpha helix?
3)write down proton binding in the tissues?
4) Describe geometric isomers in detail?
5)How abnormal sequence of amino acid affect protein functioning?
6)What is meant by amyloidosis?
Paper Review #3 - BIO504
Mid exam
McQs 7 ya 8 Sir Zaman wali file main sy thy baqi handouts main sy thy
Short questions
1: categorize isomers on the bases of classification
2: properties of side chain of glutamate and asparagine.
3rd yad nhi ha
Long Questions
1: geometric isomers in details
2: describe transport protein and contractile protein
3: factors that influence on the free energy of protein molecule
Paper Review #4 - BIO504
Mcqs
1. What is triose?
2. Name of carbohydrate which human enzymes can't digest?
3.Iron is ------- Transition metal
4. Sucrose is ------ Non- reducing sugar
5. Alpha helix represent structure of protein ----- secondary
6. Keratin
7. Major haemoglobin in adults
Question:
1. Lactose intolerance
2. Characteristics of negatively charged R groups
3. Structure of glycine
4. Free energy equation at constant pressure
5. Factors that influence on free enegy of protein molecules
Paper Review #5 - BIO504
Mcqs
1. Component of DNA
2. Carbohydrate weight
3. How many amino acids in beta chain
4.which is a table sugar
5. Which amino acid has positive charge
Mcqs conceptual thy but easy thy
Short questions
1. Primary structure of protein
2. Difference between Heteropolysaccharides and homopolysaccharides
3. Left and right shift drift OXY hemoglobin negative entropy asa question Tha exact wording Yad
Long questions.
1. Name of factors that effect the free energy of protein
2. Characteristics of Positive charge amino acids R groups .
3. Note on furfural compounds
Paper Review #6 - BIO504
Mcqs mostly from handouts but easy
Short q:
Explain hydrolysis of maltose, sucrose and lactose
Write a note on gluconic acid
What is H2PSO kuch is tara ka tha.
LONG
What happens when acid acts on carbohydrates
Properties of R group
What are chaperons write its function.
Paper Review #7- BIO504
Mcqs some from handouts nd some from
assessment file
Proton binding in tissues
Define monosacchrides with 2 example
Glycine alnine and asprgine ka name
given tha amino acids ki 1 letter abbreviations
likhnay thay
Biomedical importance of
carbohydrates
Define ribonucleases with the
example of titration curve
Define glycine
Bss yehi tha sbj from brainy bunch file
Paper Review #8- BIO504
Mcqs mostly difficult thy
Short questions
What is lactose intolerance
Function of axillary protein
Structure of quantrary
Long q
Explain the titration curve of
glycine
What is meant by perk quantrary
Explain the d galactose
Paper Review #9- BIO504
Short question s
🔖what is cooperative binding of oxygen.
🔖Importance of side chains of valine, leucine and isoleucine.
🔖Difference betweem hom and heteropolysacchardes.
Long question
🔖Bimedical importance of proteins.
🔖Allosteric effects of hemoglobin
Mcqs Maha warriors wali file sy thy
khuch zyda handouts sy thy pr easy thy
Paper Review #10- BIO504
Short questions
What are monosaccharides give two
examples?
Free energy equation at constant
pressure?
Write abbreviation and one letter
symbols for alanine,arginine and methionine?
Long question
Explain beta confirmations of
proteins?
What is carbohydrates? Explain four
major classes of carbohydrates?
Explain amyloidosis?
Paper Review #1 - BIO505 (BIO301)
Environmental cause of allelic
change
Epigenetics regulated phenomena
Sub stage of prophase
Meiosis and mitosis difference
Meiosis 1 and meiosis 2 difference
Paper Review #2 - BIO505 (BIO301)
Long question 1: Lagging strand
leading strand
Sister chromatids
Gyrase
Long Question:2
Mapping techniques
Short:
1.Epistases
2.Putines and pyrimidines
3.Gene linkage
Paper Review #3 - BIO505 (BIO301)
Mcq
📝In genetic we study?
📝TT & tt. F1 are ?
📝 until 19 century biologist thought that heridetary followed
by.... Pattern ?
📝Example of genetic variation is?
Finger print
📝Mendel work based on....
Laws?
📝best example of co- dominance
is? ABO blood system
📝.... Provide terminal stability to chromosome
📝nucleosome consist of.... ?
📝No. Of chromosomes of
yeast..?
📝Building block of chromosomes
📝fur colour of rabbit wala?.
📝in life form ZZ-ZW male is?
📝other name of polythene chromosome?
📝 mechanism involved in epigenetic
Short
Pleiotropic effect & it's
example
Interphase & imp of cell cycle
Synopsis homologous chromosome
Long
Prophase I of meiosis
Properties of meiosis I & II
Types of chromosomes
Paper Review #4 - BIO505 (BIO301)
Question
Lampbrush chromosome
Topping down technique
All types of chromosome
Sex chromosomes
Variations in human
Chromosomal aberrations
Paper Review #5 - BIO505 (BIO301)
M.Sulman files cover whole ppr
👉🏻Mendalian &non Mendalian inheritance
👉🏻 DNA as a hereditary material
👉🏻4 steps of Telophase I
👉🏻SRY genes
👉🏻name of species with chromosome no.
Paper Review #6 - BIO505 (BIO301)
Pleiotropic effect
Chromosome scaffold
Telophase
Long questions
Genomic imprinting
Nucleotide nucleoside purine and
pyrimidine definitions
Polygenic traits
Paper Review #7 - BIO505 (BIO301)
1.Note onSpermatogenesis and
oogenesis
2.Difference between genetic
variation and environmental variation with example
3.Main causes of variation
4.Two events of metaphase
5.map unit
6.bottom up map technique step
McQ bhi easy thy Salman file sy thy
shyd or handouts bhi read kiye thy
Paper Review #8 - BIO505 (BIO301)
Short
Enlist 10 species with their number
of chromosomes
Metaphase II in meiosis
Genes in drosophila in terms of
linkage
LONG
Confirmation of DNA
Exceptions of Mendel
inheritance
Steps of bottom up mapping
Mcq totally file se thy
Paper Review #9 - BIO505 (BIO301)
Mcqs :*
1. One map unit is equal
to_________.
2. Which statement is correct
regarding inactivation of x chromosomes?
3. Which statement is incorrect
about incomplete dominance?
4. Which DNa is widest_______.
5. Linkage mapping is used for
_______.
6.dicots have ____ numer of
chromosome . Monocots have ________ chromosome than dicots .
6. In Drosophilla there are ______
strands and in choironomous _______.
7. What is combshape for homozygous
recessive alleles?
8.What is the shape of shepherds
plant , when a true breeding heartshaped
is crossed with true breeding narrow shaped?
9. Drosophilla eye tarit is seen
before _______ a. Between body colour and wing size b. Before body colour and
shape
10.skin color ,height,eye colour wts
are studeid in _____ genetics.
11. In _____ assortment the alleles
separate ______ of each othe.
12. Laws definition ..... Tell the
name of laws.
13.mitotic apparatus is formed in
____ phase.
14. Meiosis in male is called
_______.
15. An allele with ______ penetrance
will only sometimes produce the symptoms or traits which it has been assosiated
at a ditectable level.
16. Nucleosome after conformation
become ______.
17. _____ provide terminal stability
to the chromosomes and ensure its survival.
18. Mendels work based on _____
laws.
*SHORT* .
1. What is law of dominance ?Give
one example.
2. Compare Chromosomes and Chromatin
?
3. Write about molecular epigenetic
mechanism.
*Long* .
1. What is heredity? Explain about
particulate hypothesis?
2. Write name of gene mapping
techniques and explain (at least
five)
3. Write about confirmation of DNA?
Paper Review #10 - BIO505 (BIO301)
Question
1_ telomeres
2_ Role of positive and negative
epistasis
3_ cytokinesis in plant
4_ lambrush chromosomes
5_particulate and blend hypothesis
6_ mitosis and meiosis
Mcqs
* Which is a deacetylase
inhibitor....
*Centromere breaks by the removal of
a protein .....
*Co_ dominance is a.....
* According to the particulate
hypothesis, parents passes on distinct discrete units.these units are now
called.....
*How many primary molecular
mechanism of epistasis are identified....
*Which statement is correct about
DNA methylation?
*Which of the following statement is
correct about the anaphase_ || stage of meiosis ?
*Which one restores the paired
condition for both chromosomes and genes...
*1 map unit is equal to...
* Which one of the fur color of the
rabbit is controlled by maximum number of genotypes...
*The spindle apparatus is formed
during the...... phase of mitosis.
*The sugar molecule in the
nucleotide is...
* Mendel determine the segregation
of alleles at single gene locus based on .....
* The example of inherited variation
is...
* Poly genic traits are also
affected by person's environment so they are called...
Paper Review #11 - BIO505 (BIO301)
*Short questions**
What is pleotropy and write its
example?
Define the law of dominance and also
give its example?
Define positive epistasis and
negative epistasis?
*Long question*
Detail on types of chromosomes?
Deffrentiate between mitosis and
meiosis?
Defines the following: leading
strand,lagging strand,grease, okazaki fragments?
*Mcqs are mostly from suleman sir files.*
Who is the father of genetics.
Lampbrush was firstly discovered
by...
In the presence of SRY genes ,the
gonads will develop into...
The molecular weight of histone 4 is
...
Paper Review #12 - BIO505 (BIO301)
*Mcq's*
¹ 70% genes in humans are.....
² In presence of SRY gene , gonads
will develop into......
³ If genes are closely linked
then.....
⁴ Haploid gametes are formed
by......
⁵ Okazaki fragments are formed
in.......
⁶ Genes will be switched on when
.......
⁷ Group of adjacent nucleotides are
joined by ....
*Short Question*
¹ Why Gene density is high in
prokaryotes?
² Enlist two epigenetic mechanism?
³ Define interphase and importance
of cell division?
*Long Question*
¹Note on genomic imprinting?
² Events of prophase?
³ Difference between prokaryotic and Eukaryotic chromosome?
Paper Review #13 - BIO505 (BIO301)
Mcqs from files and handouts
Long
Supermatogenesis and oogenesis
difference
Genome imprinting
Conclusions of Mendel inheritance
Short question
Autosome
Paper Review #14 - BIO505 (BIO301)
Incomplete dominance
Lampbrush chromosomes
Recessive epistasis with examples
Conclusions of Mendel's laws
Types of chromosomal abbressions
Paper Review #15 - BIO505 (BIO301)
Define temples
Define epistasis and give example
Define cytokinesis in plant and
animal
*Long* *Questions*
Leading
Lagging strand
Okazaki fragment
Sister chromatids
Epistasis it's types and examples
Environmental effect on allelic
expression of organisms
Paper Review #1 - BIO506 (BIO303)
questions
write all the steps of glycolysis
Write all the equations of
glycolysis
Write the three step of enzyme
catalyzed reactions
Define oxidation and reduction
reactions
Denatrition of DNA
Oxalic acidic acid is convert into
malate why
Paper Review #2 - BIO506 (BIO303)
Mcq
Mostly from zaman bhai file
Diphosphate *
Mg *
Kuch handout se thy
Short
Advantages of fermentation
Glyconenesis name the enzyme
Actual free energy change
Long
Thermodynamics for reaction
Eukaryotic Ribosomes
Characteristics of binding site for
Ligand
Paper Review #3 - BIO506 (BIO303)
Short questions
1. Equation of glycolysis process
2. Define gluconeogenesis
3. Non-coding protein regions.
Long questions
1. Pasteur effect and who discovered
it?
2. Cryptochromes and their function.
3. Types of RNA(names) and define
snRNA.
Paper Review #1 - BT101
Subjective all from files
Short question
1 . Define light pollution and it's
effect
2. Write two benefits of atmosphere
3. Define heterotroph
Long question
1. Explain carbon cycle
2 . Limiting factor of population
size
3. Explain Global warming
Paper Review #2 - BT101
Mcqs
1.concept of community complexity
includes holistic and----.
2.Two or more species living in same
habits, reciprocally---- each other evolution.
3.Logistic is a type of-----
4.winter sleep occurs in large
animals to conserve -----
5.Example of chemoautotrophs is----
Shorts questions
1. Habitat fragmentation
2.Food chain
3. Light pollution and it's impact
Long question
1. Grazers and browsers
2. Carbon cycle
3. Water pollution
Paper Review #3 - BT101
MCQS🌍
● All organisms need *energy* to
survive.
● *99%* of sunlight is converted to
heat energy.
● Winter sleep is adapted by large
organisms fo conserve *energy.*
● Percolation ke definition thi mcq.
● *Predators* kill prey.
● Ozone concentration in troposphere
is *0.04-0.15ppm.*
● *Stratosphere* is the 2nd layer of
atmosphere.
● One way to calculate rate of
population growth is *survivorship curve*
● Secondary treatment of water is
*biological* process.
● Deforestation ke definition thi mcq.
Short questions🌍
● Differentiate between autolysis
and putrefaction.
● Explain biogeography.
● Explain habitat destruction.
Long Questions🌍
● Explain various methods of
wastewater treatment.
● Explain carbon cycle.
● Explain flow of energy in
organisms.
*Note:* Entire paper from handouts.
Wsy mny kuch files bhe dykhe thein un mn sy bhe thy question. Mix thy mgr
handouts pr ziada focus krain. Aam jumlon ko bhe mcq bna kr dia hua tha to
handouts pr achi grip honi chahiya.
Paper Review #4 - BT101
Short ques...
Write layers of atmosphere
Differentiate between autolysis and
putrefaction
Define vestigial organ and their
evolution
Long ques....
Write effects of Global warming
Write traits of K.selected and R.
Selected species
Write note on troposphere.
Paper Review #5 - BT101
Mcqs from arham , dining files
Question
Types of omnivores
R and k selected species
Which microorganisms play important
role in nitrogen fixation
Biogeography
Paper Review #6 - BT101
Shorts:ozone depletion cause
Types of omnivores
What is extinction and its Main
causes
Long types of grazing
Note on Troposphere
Wastewater treatment methods
Paper Review #7 - BT101
*Mcqs from handouts*
*Long*
Troposphere
Acid Rain
Types of autotrophs
*Short*
Factors affect ecosystem
Causes of ozone depletion
Extinction and its causes
Paper Review #1 - BT102
1.Subgroups of spiral
2.Conjugation, transduction,
transformstion difinations.
3.steps involved in respiration of
glucose
Long questions
1. Steps if staining
2.chracteristics of chemical use in
disase cure.
3. Name of 5 classes of bacteria
live in thermal temperature.
BT102 dinning objective and
subjective file best
Paper Review #1 - BT201
1 . Defi na e industrial ecology.
2. Affects of deforestation.
3. Feeding in annelids.
4. Why more transcripts are required
for genes coding. .
90 % mcqs from Imran and dinning
files.
Paper Review #2 - BT201
landscape ecology in detail,
metabolomics in detail, major steps in plant breeding, method of pray
capturing,challenges to endosymbiotic theory
Paper Review #3 - BT201
MCQ'S
1)The field of biology specializing in developing hardware &
software to store and
analyze the huge amount of data
being generated by life scientists
………………BIOINFORMATICS
2)Gymnosperms have ……naked seeds
3)Leeches belong to phylum……… Annelida
4).A ..... grouping consists of various species that lack a common ancestor…polyphyletic
5)Which one is an extinct group of Arthropoda? …………Trilobita
SHORT QUESTIONS
1) define species diversity
2) Evolutionary related study to
genome sequence
3) Write a note on the
transcritomics
LONG QUESTIONS
1) define homology and write its three types
2)
Why does the freshwater ecosystem
become most threatened nowadays?
Paper Review #1 - BT301
Chargaff rule 5
Define Restriction modification 5
Role of comparative genomincs 5
PCR steps
Short questions and MCQs from
medical zone file.
Paper Review #2 - BT301
*Mcqs*
✓In humans ~ *23,000* Bacterial genomes ~ *1,500 – 2,000* genes.
✓The branch of biotechnology concerned with the discovery and
development of innovative
drugs and treatments is called *Red
Biotechnology*
✓Cell lyses by SDS and *proteinase K*
✓The minor groove of DNA have.. *3.4* ..Angston.
✓The repeating unit is a single turn of the helix, which includes
*3.6* amino acid
residues.
✓There are mainly *three* types of Ribonucleic acids.
✓In cloning technique a plasmid with *low* molecular weight and
*high* copy number is suitable
✓pAT153 another derivative of *pBR322*
✓Work of Chargaff *Late
1940s*
✓Components in nucleoside.... *Two*
Qs:
✓Define Major and minor groove and sizes and how many nucleotide
present in one major groove (3)
✓How plants contain genes that act as microbial resistant for
antibiotics?(3)
✓Difference between pBR322 and pBR325?(5)
✓Explain how two or multiple polypeptide chains arrange in structure
of protein(5)
*Work Together Team*
Paper Review #3 - BT301
1.Length of major and minor groove,
no. Of nucleotides in major groove
2.Electroporation
3.Different structure type of RNA
4.PCR work in genome analysis
5.What factor affect the DNA
mobility in electrophoresis gel?
6.ek yd ni
Subjective mostly from file
Mcqs mostly from file ek hi file ki thi vi medical zone wali
Paper Review #1 - BT302
Mcqs:
Innate immune system is..............first line of defence and non
specific
Adaptive immune system...........needs to activated
Eosinophils contains granules which are effective against parasitic
infections are.................. Blood Granulocytes
Alternate Pathway for Complement activation.............. No need
of antibody
Primary Lymphoid organs also known as ...............Generative or
Central Lymphoid Organs
By lymphocytes migration, chances of successful encounter
may..............increase
Immunogen.................A substance that induces specific immune
response
Epitope..............The portion of antigen that combines with
products of immune system
IgG.............. Major antibody of serum-75% of total antibodies
Agglutination Particulate nature of antigen causes the reaction of
antibody to form visible clumps........Agglutinate
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA)
Heavy Chain Gene Family Located at chromosome...........14
MHC expressed on..............all nucleated cells
Monoclonal Antibodies........Production of........ is done using Immortal
clone of cell with single Ab specificity
Paper Review #2 - BT302
Short questions
Usage of Monoclonal Antibodies
Humoral barriers Complement System.
Define T-dependent antigens
Long Questions
Effector Functions of Complement Proteins.
How to obtain fragments of antibodies? Describe their
characteristics.
Describe the structure of TCR.
Shor question
what are adjuvant.their function in immune system.
cellular barriers.
difference between TCR and BCR.
Long
what is MHC. Diff between MHC l and MHC ll.
Structure of antibodies.
🍂🍂McQ 🍂🍂
By lymphocytes migration chances of successful antigen encounter
may … increase
Very young and old individuals have… diminished immune response
T-cells maturation in… Thymus
Recombination involves rearrangement of DNA in somatic cells…
Somatic
recombination
Class switch recombination occurs due to the activity of -------
Complement proteins
Classical complementary pathway is also known as ----- pathway.
Antibody dependent
. Resistance of body against infectious diseases is called -----
Immunity
1. Crystalizable fragment of immunoglobulin contains two heavy
chains with ------- CH2
& CH3 domains
These all factors influence the antigen and antibody reaction
except -------- Chemical
composition.
Paper Review #3 - BT302
Hbridoma formation
Secondary and primary antibody
response
Monoclonal use
Chemical nature of immunogen
Paper Review #4 - BT302
Mcqs totally from handouts not any
one from any file..
.1. Difeeence TCR and BCR
2. Difference T dependent and
independent
4.complement Fixation test
5. What types of cell are produce
through myeloid cells
6. MCH with types explanation.
3. Hummorial immunity..
Paper Review #5 - BT302
*MCQS*
Cytidine deaminase is present in..
First antibody which is produced by virgin B- cells after the
interaction with an antigen
Equilibrium phase of immunogen clearance after primary injection
True for lgE immunoglobulin except
kinetics of immunogen clearance consists
rue for somatic hyper mutation except
Complement proteins are activated by pathway
T-cells maturation in
lymphocytes migration chances of successful antigen encounter
Flushing action of tear and saliva are innate immune system
*Questions*
Characteristics of antibodies
Structure of TCR
Explain phagocytosis
Domains of immunoglobulin
Pathogens associated molecular pattern
Paper Review #1 - BT401
3 Marks questions:
Difference b/W natural selection and
genetic drift.
Difference b/W strategy and policy.
5 Marks questions:
Why is it necessary to prevent the
loss of biodiversity.
Advantages and disadvantages of
outbreeding.
Threats to ANGR.
Paper Review #2 - BT401
Line breeding
Biodegradation
Detail seasonal Migration
Genetic resources are safeguard to
the living organisms.give comment
2,4 ppts sy thy baqi sary isi file
sy thy
Paper Review #3 - BT401
Mostly mcq from dining file
Question
Difference between demerits of in situ conservation ex situ conservation?
Name type of plants derived from genetic resources?
Difference between inbreeding and outbreeding?
Richness of microorganisms and number of species?
Difference between horizontal and vertical Gene transfer?
Briefly explain seasonal migration?
Dining ki files lazmi kry
Paper Review #4 - BT401
differnce btw policy and strategy
four stage of storage
sseasonal migration-5
ex-situ conservation-5
causes of extinction-5
mcqs and all ppprs from file
Paper Review #5 - BT401
Objective
1. Gene flow blocked by physical
barriers_________Alopatric Speciation
2. Pakistan in kinow production is
at ________6th numbers
3. Tigers of migration_______All
4. Himalayan brown bear
----------------150 _200
5. Cryopreservation in liquid
nitrogen occurs ______ At - 196 Degree
6.. Types of gene pool.....three
7. According to
FAO ,there are approximately ___31000 Species
Of Finfishium
8. Which is used to protect
individuals in protected environment …………. in situ.
9.
Staller cow extinct due to........ Hunting
10. Total remaining snow leopard
left in Pakistan…………. 300
11.Genetic resources for food,
agriculture and forestry includes___ Both Wild And
Domesticated Species .
12.Which is called rosewood
--------------------Dalbergia Sissoo
13.GSPC program founded In
_____1999. 14.Scientific name of horse:______Equus Ferus
15.Scientific name of Marco Polo
sheep: _______Ovis Ammon.
*Subjective*
Q.How many ways bacteria have
transfer their DNA horizontally?
Q.what is 6 Article Of Agriculture
Genetic Resources?
Q.Names of Endangered species
Q.Why Do We Need To Conserve Plant
Genetic Resources ?
Paper Review #6 - BT401
All McQ handouts Sa hi aya ha or kuch kuch file Sa bhi
Short questions
genetic resources ka cause
Reading up in detail ma
Long bhi easy tha
Plants stock
Or baqi BHI easy thay sary questions handouts Sa hi a rahy ha💡💡💡💡 handout achy Sa ready kary InshaAllah bhut acha ho ga
Paper Review #7 - BT401
*Mcqs*
Microorganisms are_____ Diverse.
_____ will always result in introducing more genetic variation in
a population.
Natural selection
Phenylketonuria is a human gentic condition caused by_____.
Mutations
Amish people developed syndrome named__________.
Ellis- van creveld syndrome. The mating of two animals of different breeds____.
Cross breeding
The gene pool system of classification____.
It involves placing of threatened animals and plants in special
care unit for their protection____.
Ex situ conservation
Total area under legume crop in Pakistan____.
1.5 hectares
Which is large scale and food agriculture___.
Sheep
Gspc____.
1999
*Questions*
Stellers sea cow and Dodo.
Line inbreeding and close inbreeding.
Phenylketonuria.
Significance of genetic resources.
Natural barriers and artificial barriers.
Importance domestic of animal resources.
Which species is easily regenrated
Acacia nilotica
Total remaining snow leopard in Pakistan
300
Cryopreservation can be done at
All
Genetic resources are sometimes called the
First resources
Paper Review #1 - BT403
1: Advantages of agrobacterium
transformation
2: advantages and disadvantages of
herbicides
3.osmatic adjustment
4. Somatic hybridization.
5.proceses of pathogen attack.
6.somaclonal
Paper Review #2 - BT403
L.Q
Oxidative stress, advantage and disadvantage
of herbicide, somatic hybridization
S.Q
Three types of plasmid, affects of
modified organisms on plant, animal and soil, three steps of initiate and
maintenance of callus culture
Paper Review #3 - BT403
McQs Kuch Sulman Ali ki file sy thy
or Kuch sir Amman wali file sy thy
Short questions
1: what is molecular markers?
2:
list at least three types of micropropagation
3: what is phytoauxalin?
( 3rd short main spelling mistake ho gyi ha, ap log dakh lijiya ga)
Long Questions
1: how synthetic seeds are
beneficial over natural seeds?
2: what are the genetic modified
herbicide tolerant plants?
3: Ya agrobacterium k bary main Kuch
tha, mughy nhi ata tha 😊
Paper Review #1 - BT406
MCQ mostly handout
Short Question
What is criterum related validity?
What are measurement issues?
Uses of null hypothesis?
Long Question:
Scientific features of scientific
methods?
What are the ethice issues in
research
Paper Review #2 - BT406
MCQs.
1. Process of “sensory experiences:
*Observation, Repetition, Reobservation.*
2. NOT Purpose of Research:
*Informative.*
3. First step in research process:
*Broad area of interest.*
4. *6* type of reviews.
5. *Moderating Variable* Strong
relationship between the library facility (X) and performance of students (Y).
Depends
on the “interest and inclination” of
students (MV). Modifies the original relationship.
6.
Level of job commitment of the Officers is positively associated with
their level of efficiency is a *Hypothesis.*
7. sample saves *cost, labor, and
time.*
8. Reason for stratification *To
increase a sample’s statistical efficiency.*
9. *Editing* process of checking and
adjusting the data for omissions, legibility, and consistency.
10. Concept *An Abstraction of
Reality.*
11. Proposition: A statement
concerned with the *logical* relationships among concepts
Short qs:
1. What is assumption?
2. Write about nominal scale?
3. Write 2 main parts of theoretical
framework?
Long qs:
1. Goals of exploratory research?
2. Difference between snowball and
sequential sampling?
3. Write about theoretical
framework, conceptual work and theoretical work? (Something like that).
Paper Review #3 - BT406
*Mcqs*
1: every element in a population has
a *non* *zero probability* of selection
2: sampling interval is present in
*systematic* sampling
3: process of sensory experience
*observation* *>re-observation* > *repitition*
4: types of reviews *6*
5: *moderating variables*strong
relationship b/w the library facility x
and performance of students y.
6: level job of commitment of
officers is postively associate with their level of efficiency is the
*hypothesis*
*Short ques*
1: unethical activities of research
2: two methods of primary data..
*Long ques*
1: goals of exploratory research
2: difference between snowball and
sequencial sampling
3: concept and measurement
Paper Review #4 - BT406
MCQS
1.In order to establish a cause and
effect relationship between two variables,we perform...........?
2.Level of job commitment of the
officers is associated with their level of efficiency is a/an.......?
3.While performing research,
avoiding misrepresentation of research finding is caused......?
4.Concepts are a/an.......?
5.Why do we take sample as
representative of the whole population.......?
6.Variables are........?
7.One of the following is not a
property of an independent variable......?
8.The stratification in random
sampling is done because of the following except.....?
Questions
1.In research,how do you define
"statistic".
2.How many types of researchers are
there?
3.Descriptive and relational
hypothesis.
4.Explain theoretical framework,
conceptual model and theoretical foundation.
Paper Review #5 - BT406
Mcqs:
1. links the language of theory with
the language of empirical measurements-------------Operationalization
2. are often measured at ratio
level----index
3. Ability of an instrument to
measure what it is supposed to measure---validity
4. A ---- is a unit about which
information is collected and is the basis of analysis---- element
5. Every element in a population has
a ----non zero probability of selection
6. ---- refers to a body of facts
that are in a format suitable for decision making whereas --- are simy recorded
measures of certain phemenon---- information,data
7. There are mostly --- parties in a
research---- 3
8. ---- is the process of checking
and adjusting for omissions,legically and consistence----- Editing
Questions:
1. Research importance
2. Features of scientific method
3. Ethical issues of research
4. Snowball and sequential sampling
5. Standard of professional for
research method
6. Characteristics of ratio scale
Mostly paper repeated from current papers
Paper Review #1 - BT503
🌲 *LONG QUESTIONS*
1- Differentiate between
transformation, transduction, plasmid and conjugation?
2- What Are Surfactants? What is
Purpose of surfactants?
3- Cloning vector sy related tha Ik
🌲 *SHORT QUESTIONS*
1- What are Thermophiles. give
examples
2- principle of plants
Transformation.
3- list 3 intervention of
Environmental Biotechnology
🌲 *MCQS*
Mcqs are mostly repeated AlHamdulliah
Some were new
Complete statements thi handouts sy
jo mujy ab yad nahi hein but easy thy
*Facultative lagoons dy 3,4 mcqs
thy*
*Definations thi kuch thermophiles
ki, exothermophiles ki, transformation ki*
*Major---- are alcohol,
benzene,methane is trha ka ik tha mcqs*
*Semiochemical wala tha ik*
*Biomemitic ki defination*
Bs yehi yad ha
Paper Review #1 - BT504
Genomics and Proteomics Spring23
Midterms Mcq's from grandquiz file and last topics of ppts.
Percentage of genome present in....
HGP started in...
Scientific names... and other conceptual.
cDNA Microarray (3)
Techniques used in Physical mapping (3)
10 types of RNA (3)
Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic gene expression (5)
Two types of Microarray (5)
Metabolomics (5)
Paper Review #2 - BT504
Mcqs from grand mid mcqs files Baki
5 -6 may be ppts main sy
Mapping steps for HGS
Types of RNA
Steps of functional genomics
Paralogs vs orthologs
Advantages of microarray
Paper Review #1 - BT601
Easy tha bs muj sy tyari zidaa nh ho
ski bss 50/50 si hua ha
Koi 10sy 15 mcqs repeat thy quizes
file 1 m sy 2021 2022 2023 teeno phri thi
Baqi subjective bella file sy thaa
sara totally
👇🏻👇🏻👇🏻👇🏻👇🏻
🌼 *Long Questions*
1-What are the 3 most efficient
theories for evolution? (3)
2- Write down the names of the
positive Sense RNA Plant Virus?
3-Write down the ways of reversion?
🌼 *Short Questions*
1-Subfamilies of herpiviridae?
2-Which type of centrifuge is best
for the isolation of viruses?
3- ik yad nhi 🥹
Paper Review #1 - BT605
Enlist three components of act.
Application of cybernetic
Possible effect of global warming
effect
Explain why personal human
information are curically important?
What are exploitation faced by
victim of human trafficking victims? .
Paper Review #1 - BT511
Short q
Genome and its uses for human
Advantage of plasmid low molecular
weight in cloning
Genetic variation
Long questions
Benefits of recombinant technology
Differentiate b/w cloning vector and
expressed vector
Functions of three types of RNAs
Paper Review #2 - BT511
Mcqs some from dining files and some
from handouts
Question answers
1.note on restrictions enzymes &
Plasmids
2.cloning strategy 4 essential
method
3.Role of plasmids in microbial
restrictions against antibodies
Paper Review #1 - BT512
Mcqs from files 4 to 5 from handouts
💫How yeast cause the rise in bread
💫Factors of improvement strain
💫Three name of fungi in food
and beverage industry
Long questions
💫Explain briefly importance of microbes
💫Importance of microbial biotechnology
💫Sub Subunit vaccine
Paper Review #1 - BT513
Mcqs from files and ppts both
Batch culture its exponential and stationary phase, cell density
and growth rate
Characteristics of axial flow
How bottom entry (agitators)impellers tend to more maintenance than
top entry impeller
Quasi-steady state of fed-batch is me five conditions di hui thi us
k related answer krna tha
Chemostat of continuous culture k true false thy
How growth rate effects the microbial phase determines the critical
dilution rates
Paper Review #1 - BT514
Long
How to remove error
Chromatography
Quality control
Shorts
Validation methods
Sublimation
Basis of chromatography
Mcqs from handouts
Paper Review #2 - BT514
⚠️MCQs
Mostly from last topics some from QC
tools
Short Question
⚠️How to calculate LOD?
⚠️Chemomatrix titration
⚠️Role of analytical
chemistry in biological and clinacal level asy hi tha kuch🥲
Long Question
⚠️Systematic error
⚠️Two examples of Chemomatrix titration write two metal name
1 mangemant system kay relatef tha
Proper yad ni✨
Paper Review #3 - BT514
Long
How to remove error
Chromatography
Quality control
Shorts
Validation methods
Sublimation
Basis of chromatography
Mcqs from handouts
Paper Review #4 - BT514
Totally conceptual mcqs
Mostly quality or last tpoics
Short questions
1Define non. Conformance
Sublimation
Long
Write the example of prevention
action
Write the remove of error
3 explained the linearity
Paper Review #1 - BT605
MCQ from pptz
1) elements of cybernetics
2) steps of patent gene
3)tyes of Biosecurity
4)patients rights and
responsibilities
5)responsibilities of nurses
6)costituting elements of
means..Enlist..
Paper Review #2 - BT605
1: aik condition Di Hoi thi mentally
retarted patient Ka physicaian k sath relation likhen example k sath..
2. Responces of disaster
3. Biohazard ki condition with its
subunits..
4: uses of cybernation or effects b
conditions b
5: or aik tha 4 condition likhni
thi. Patient k about..
6: animal biodiversity
Paper Review #1 - BT611
All mcqs
Long question
vitamin E
freezing and canning to preserve meat
Short question.
food matrix
Foods can be fermented in three different ways based on the sources of the
desirable microorganisms. What are
they
